Prose Summary 小结题

 

　　小结题是每一篇文章最终的那一道大题，需求从六个选项中选出三个作为正确答案，每一题两分。咱们首要来剖析一下这个标题的题干需求：

 

　　An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

 

　　(一个总结性语句现已给出。经过挑选三个选项来完结这个总结，所选的选项需求表达原文最重要的信息。有些选项不属于总结性选项，由于他们表达了没在原文中呈现的信息或者是原文中的细节信息。此题两分。)经过剖析题干给出的详细信息，咱们能够看出，这道标题的要害需求在于挑选重要信息，总结性信息。也就意味着，有的选项尽管正确，可是若是它表达的是原文中的细节信息，那么仍然不能作为正确答案，这是这道标题中最难的一个点。

 

　　让咱们来看一道例题:

 

　　13-14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.

 

　　This question is worth 2 points. This passage discusses fossils that help to explain the likely origins of cetaceanswhales, porpoises, and dolphins.

 

　　Answer Choices

 

　　1. Recent discoveries of fossils have helped to show the link between land mammals and cetaceans.

 

　　2. The discovery of Ambulocetus natans provided evidence for a whale that lived both on land and at sea.

 

　　3. The skeleton of Basilosaurus was found in what had been the Tethys Sea, an area rich in fossil evidence.

 

　　4. Pakicetus is the oldest fossil whale yet to be found.

 

　　5. Fossils thought to be transitional forms between walking mammals and swimming whales were found.

 

　　6. Ambulocetus’ hind legs were used for propulsion in the water.

 

　　这是每篇文章最终的一个大题，根据全文的根底进行发问，所以，咱们能够根据文章的要害句，先来判别这篇文章的首要内容。以下摘选了文章的每个天然段的要害句，咱们一同

 

　　来看一下：

 

　　THE ORIGINS OF CETACEANS

 

　　榜首天然段：It should be obvious that cetaceanswhales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. …

 

　　第二天然段：Very exciting discoveries have finally__ allowed scientists to reconstruct the most likely origins of cetaceans. …

 

　　第三天然段：The fossil consists of a complete skull of an archaeocyte, an extinct group of ancestors of modern cetaceans. Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans. …

 

　　第四天然段：Another major discovery was made in Egypt in 1989. Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert. …

 

　　第五天然段：An even more exciting find was reported in 1994, also from Pakistan. The now extinct whale Ambulocetus natans ("the walking whale that swam") lived in the Tethys Sea 49 million years ago. …

 

　　首要，榜首天然段总述关于鲸类动物是哺乳动物的现实，到了第二天然段开端提醒鲸类动物来源的详细细节，说到科学家有一些重要发现，到了第三天然段开端交待榜首种化石的称号Pakicetus。第四天然段又说到别的一种化石发现，姓名为Basilosaurus，最终一天然段说到第三种化石发现Ambulocetus natans，总结来说，这篇文章经过介绍三个化石来提醒了鲸类的来源。

 

　　接下来，咱们来看以下选项，首要来看榜首个选项：

 

　　1. Recent discoveries of fossils have helped to show the link between land mammals and cetaceans.( 近来的化石发现协助解说了陆生哺乳动物与鲸类之间的联系)，此选项归纳了这篇文章的首要信息，因而能够算作小结题的答案。2. The discovery of Ambulocetus natans provided evidence for a whale that lived both on land and at sea.( 化石Ambulocetus natans 的发现供给了关于鲸及生活在陆地上又生活在海里的根据)，Ambulocetus natans 是这篇文章三个重要化石之一， 且在本选项中表现了Ambulocetus natans 化石关于提醒鲸类来源的重要效果，因而算作小总结信息然后作为正确选项。3. The skeleton of Basilosaurus was found in what had been the Tethys Sea, an area rich in fossil evidence.(Basilosaurus 在一个叫做Tethys Sea 的当地被发现，这个当地有许多的化石)，此选项中尽管说到了这篇文章的一个重要化石Basilosaurus，可是并没有陈说Basilosaurus 关于提醒鲸类来源的效果，因而不能算作正确答案。换句话说，只说到Basilosaurus 化石所发现的地址是不足以作为这篇文章的小结信息的。4. Pakicetus is the oldest fossil whale yet to be found.(Pakicetus 是迄今为止发现的最陈旧的鲸类化石)，此选项也说到了这篇文章中重要化石Pakicetus，但并没有说到Pakicetus 关于提醒鲸类来源的效果，因而不能作为小结题的重要选项。5. Fossils thought to be transitional forms between

 

　　walking mammals and swimming whales were found.(被认为是陆生哺乳动物与水生鲸类之间的过渡化石被发现)，此选项归纳了这篇文章的首要内容，这篇文章的宗旨内容便是叙述鲸类原本是陆生哺乳动物的现实，因而，5 是正确选项。6. Ambulocetus’ hind legs were used for propulsion in the water.(Ambulocetus natans 的后腿用来在水中行进)，本选项形似也说到了重要化石Ambulocetus natans，可是Ambulocetus natans 的后腿用来在水中行进是一个细节信息，因而不能作为正确答案。所以，本题的正确答案为125.